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1Ministry of Justice, Prison receptions: October to December 2018 Table 2.5b, Offender management statistics quarterly, October to December 2018
2Ministry of Justice, Prison receptions: April to June 2018, Table 2.5b, Offender management statistics quarterly: April to June 2018
3Caddle and Crisp, 1997 4Maternal Sentencing and the Rights of the Child’ (Minson, 2020)
5Minson, 2017 6Dallaire, 2007a 7Dallaire and Wilson, 2010; Cho, 2011; Hagan and Foster, 2012
8Hirschi, 1969; Fox and Benson, 2000; Green and Scholes, 2004
9Cunningham and Baker, 2003; Dallaire, 2007a; Miller, 2014
10Murray and Farrington, 2008 11Caddle and Crisp, 1997; Poehlmann, 2005
12van de Weijer, S.G.A., Smallbone, H.S. & Bouwman, V. J Dev 2018